تفاصيل الوثيقة نوع الوثيقة : مقال في مجلة دورية  عنوان الوثيقة : Cardiac output monitoring: an integrative perspective Cardiac output monitoring: an integrative perspective   الموضوع : العناية المركزة  لغة الوثيقة : الانجليزية  المستخلص : Cardiac output monitoring in the critically ill patient is standard practice in order to ensure tissue oxygenation [1] and has been traditionally accomplished using the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC). In recent years, however, the value of PAC has been questioned with some suggesting that its use might not only be unnecessary but also potentially harmful [1]. Th is notion, together with the availability of new less invasive cardiac output measuring devices, has markedly decreased the widespread use of the PAC [2]. Today, various devices are available to measure or estimate cardiac output using diff erent methods. Some of these less invasive devices track stroke volume (SV) continuously and provide dynamic indices of fl uid responsiveness, others allow assessment of volumetric preload variables, and some also provide continuous measurement of central venous saturation via the use of proprietary catheters that are attached to the same monitor. All these variables – together with cardiac output – may result in an improved hemodynamic assessment of the critically ill patient. However, it is important to appreciate that each device has its inherent limitations and that no cardiac output monitoring device can change patient outcome unless its use is coupled with an intervention that by itself has been associated with improved patient outcomes. Th erefore, the concept of hemodynamic optimization is increasingly recognized as a cornerstone in the management of critically ill patients and has been shown to be associated with improved outcome in the perioperative [3] and in the intensive care unit (ICU) [4] setting. Th e aim of this article is to provide a systematic update of the currently available and most commonly used cardiac output monitoring devices. In addition, an integrated approach for the use of these diff erent devices in critically ill patients will be presented taking into considera tion the devices’ technical characteristics, their perfor mance and typical limitations, and also any additional hemodynamic variables they may offer  ردمد : 1466-609X  اسم الدورية : Critical Care  المجلد : 15  العدد : 2  سنة النشر : 1432 هـ 2011 م  نوع المقالة : مقالة علمية  تاريخ الاضافة على الموقع : Monday, July 11, 2011  الباحثون اسم الباحث (عربي) اسم الباحث (انجليزي) نوع الباحث المرتبة العلمية البريد الالكتروني جمال الهاشمي Al-Hashemi, Jamal باحث رئيسي دكتوراه   الملفات اسم الملف النوع الوصف  29943.pdf pdf   الرجوع إلى صفحة الأبحاث